2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Neuronal Signaling
  4. Monoamine Oxidase

Monoamine Oxidase

MAO

Monoamine Oxidase

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Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types in the body. They belong to the protein family of flavin-containing amine oxidoreductases. Monoamine oxidases catalyze the oxidative deamination of monoamines. Oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a molecule, resulting in the corresponding aldehyde and ammonia. Monoamine oxidases contain the covalently bound cofactor FAD and are, thus, classified as flavoproteins. Because of the vital role that MAOs play in the inactivation of neurotransmitters, MAO dysfunction is thought to be responsible for a number of psychiatric and neurological disorders. MAO-A inhibitors act as antidepressant and antianxiety agents, whereas MAO-B inhibitors are used alone or in combination to treat Alzheimer’sand Parkinson’s diseases.

Monoamine Oxidase Isoform Specific Products:

Monoamine Oxidase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-Y1750
    β-Aminopropionitrile
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) is a specific, irreversible and orally active lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitor. β-Aminopropionitrile targets the active site of LOX or LOXL isoenzymes.
    β-Aminopropionitrile
  • HY-N0529
    Rosmarinic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Rosmarinic acid is a widespread phenolic ester compound in the plants. Rosmarinic acid inhibits MAO-A, MAO-B and COMT enzymes with IC50s of 50.1, 184.6 and 26.7 μM, respectively.
    Rosmarinic acid
  • HY-17447A
    Tranylcypromine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Tranylcypromine hydrochloride (SKF 385 hydrochloride) is an irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/BHC110) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). Tranylcypromine hydrochloride inhibits LSD1, MAO A and MAO B with IC50s of 20.7, 2.3 and 0.95 μM, respectively. Tranylcypromine hydrochloride can be used for the research of depression.
    Tranylcypromine hydrochloride
  • HY-N0453
    Hypericin
    		Inhibitor 98.79%
    Hypericin is a naturally occurring substance found in Hyperlcurn perforatum L. Hypericin is an inhibitor of PKC (protein kinase C), MAO (monoaminoxidase), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, reverse transcriptase, telomerase and CYP (cytochrome P450). Hypericin shows antitumor, antiviral, antidepressive activities, and can induce apoptosis.
    Hypericin
  • HY-Y0882
    Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.9%
    Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a selective Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor used for inhibiting of platelet aggregation. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is an intermediate of nitrogen cycle in aerobic ammonium oxidizers microorganisms, such as ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonium oxidizing archaea (AOA) and complete ammonium oxidizing bacteria (comammox). Hydroxylamine hydrochloride impacts NO and N2O emissions by aerobic ammonium oxidizers microorganisms and inhibits nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity.
    Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
  • HY-B1835
    Benzylhydrazine
    		Inhibitor
    Benzylhydrazine is a potent monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Benzylhydrazine inhibits both brain and liver MAO (pI50 = 6.3 and 7.0, respectively) and demonstrates in vivo efficacy in mice (ED50 = 6.5 and 6.2 μmol/kg for brain and liver, respectively).
    Benzylhydrazine
  • HY-137570
    Ethyl homovanillate
    		Inhibitor 98.41%
    Ethyl homovanillate (Compound 24) is an structural analog of Eugenol. Ethyl homovanillate is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) with an IC50 of 8.1 μM. Ethyl homovanillate significantly increases the forced swim test score in ICR mice. Ethyl homovanillate can be studied in research on neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
    Ethyl homovanillate
  • HY-114620
    MAO-B-IN-55
    		Inhibitor 98.10%
    MAO-B-IN-55 (Compound 5c) is a reversible competitive MAO-B inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.9 nM, and it exhibits approximately 2750-fold higher selectivity for MAO-B over MAO-A. MAO-B-IN-55 can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease.
    MAO-B-IN-55
  • HY-14536
    Methylene Blue
    		Inhibitor
    Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.
    Methylene Blue
  • HY-14199
    Selegiline hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Selegiline (Deprenyl) hydrochloride is a potent, selective and irreversible inhibitor of MAO-B, with an IC50 of 51 nM. Selegiline hydrochloride exhibits 450-flod selectivity for MAO-B over MAO-A (IC50=23 μM). Selegiline hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and major depressive disorder.
    Selegiline hydrochloride
  • HY-12723
    Apomorphine
    		Inhibitor 99.48%
    Apomorphine ((-)-Apomorphine) is a potent dopamine receptor agonist. Apomorphine also inhibit MAO-A and MAO-B. Apomorphine exerts neuroprotective effect and can relax rat corpus cavernosum. Apomorphine can inhibit ROS production, DNA fragmentation and inibit JNK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Apomorphine can enhance degradation of intracellular Aβ40 and Aβ42, reduces tau protein levels and inhibit MMP-9 expression. Apomorphine is a highly potent radical scavenger and iron chelator. Apomorphine can be used for the researches of dementia, parkinson's disease, alzheimer disease, breast carcinoma, and erectile dysfunction.
    Apomorphine
  • HY-14197A
    Clorgyline hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Clorgyline hydrochloride is an irreversible and selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) that is used in scientific research, structurally related to Pargyline (HY-A0091A). Clorgyline hydrochloride has little effect on the amounts of conjugated dopamine (DA) present in superfusate of slices from rat striatum. Clorgyline hydrochloride contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Clorgyline hydrochloride
  • HY-N0159
    Paeonol
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Paeonol is an active extraction from the root of Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonol inhibits MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 of 54.6 μM and 42.5 μM, respectively.
    Paeonol
  • HY-125854
    Phosphatidylcholines, egg
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    Phosphatidylcholines, egg are a type of phosphatidylcholine that can be isolated and extracted from eggs, primarily present in egg yolks. As a major phospholipid component of cell membranes, Phosphatidylcholines, egg play a key role in providing nutrition and protection to the body. Phosphatidylcholines, egg can inhibit oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, exerting neuroprotective effects. Additionally, Phosphatidylcholines, egg can suppress the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and are also used in research on intestinal lipid absorption.
    Phosphatidylcholines, egg
  • HY-100546A
    GSK-LSD1 dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    GSK-LSD1 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective and irreversible lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 16 nM.
    GSK-LSD1 dihydrochloride
  • HY-B1496
    Tranylcypromine hemisulfate
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Tranylcypromine (SKF 385) hemisulfate is an irreversible, nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor used in the treatment of depression. Tranylcypromine hemisulfate is also a lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor, suppresses lesion growth and improves generalized hyperalgesia in mouse with induced endometriosis. Tranylcypromine has antidepressant effects.
    Tranylcypromine hemisulfate
  • HY-B1018A
    Phenelzine sulfate
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Phenelzine sulfate, an antidepressant agent, is an irreversible and orally active monoamine oxidase (MAO-A and MAO-B) inhibitor. Phenelzine sulfate inhibits GABA transaminase and primary amine oxidase (PrAO), and sequester reactive aldehydes. Phenelzine sulfate also inhibits LSD1 (Ki: 5.6 μM) and suppresses oxidative stress and lipogenesis. Phenelzine sulfate elevates neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine). Phenelzine sulfate is studied in neurological, metabolic and cancer diseases for depression and anxiety disorders, stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory pain, obesity and prostate cancer.
    Phenelzine sulfate
  • HY-100621
    MDL 72527
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    MDL 72527 is a potent polyamine oxidase (PAO) inhibitor. MDL 72527 shows a lysosomotropic effect. MDL 72527 shows neuroprotective effects.
    MDL 72527
  • HY-138625
    PXS-5505 free base
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    PXS-5505 free base (LOX-IN-3) is an orally active lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitor. PXS-5505 free base can be used for fibrosis, cancer and angiogenesis research.
    PXS-5505 free base
  • HY-W008566
    Norharmane
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.
    Norharmane
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Monoamine Oxidase Isoform Comparison

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